Proven Free & Proven Resistant

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Since the very first slave ship crossed the Middle Passage five hundred years ago peoples of African descent throughout the Western hemisphere have gained liberation by escaping and then defending their maroon sanctuaries.

The Proven Free materials collection consists of Peoples of African descent who have lived in place for 150 years or longer in the Caribbean and the Americas, stewarding their African roots and defending their land against white supremacy.

View each respective page of the Peoples shown by clicking the boxes below.

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Saamaka Maroons

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Jamaican Maroons

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Quilombolas

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Gullah Geechee

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Vodouists

Black Seminole